Amazinga nezigaba zezintambo zenethiwekhi yekati

Emkhakheni wokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, uma kukhulunywa ngezintambo ze-Ethernet, kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zezintambo zenethiwekhi, izinhlobo eziyisithupha zezintambo zenethiwekhi, nezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa zezintambo zenethiwekhi.Eminyakeni yakamuva, izintambo zenethiwekhi ze-Cat8 Class 8 nazo zishiwo kakhulu.Ikhebuli yenethiwekhi yakamuva ye-Cat8 Class 8 iyisizukulwane sakamuva se-double shielded (SFTP) network jumper, enamapheya esignali amabili angasekela umkhawulokudonsa ongu-2000MHz kanye nezinga lokudlulisela elifika ku-40Gb/s.Kodwa-ke, ibanga layo eliphezulu lokudlulisela lingama-30m kuphela, ngakho-ke livame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amaseva, amaswishi, amafreyimu okusabalalisa, nezinye izinto zokusebenza ezikhungweni zedatha zamabanga amafushane.Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezivamile zezintambo zenethiwekhi emakethe: izintambo zenethiwekhi ezinkulu ezinhlanu, izintambo eziyisithupha zenethiwekhi, izintambo eziyisithupha zenethiwekhi, izintambo eziyisikhombisa zenethiwekhi, nezintambo zenethiwekhi eziyisiyisikhombisa.Izintambo zenethiwekhi zesigaba 8 se-Cat8, njengezintambo zenethiwekhi zeSigaba 7/Ultra 7, zombili ziyizintambo ezisontekile ezivikelekile futhi zingasetshenziswa ezikhungweni zedatha, ezinesivinini esikhulu, nasezindaweni ezinomkhawulokudonsa.Nakuba ibanga lokudlulisela lamakhebula enethiwekhi eSigaba 8 se-Cat8 lingekho ezingeni lezintambo zenethiwekhi zeSigaba 7/Ultra 7, isivinini sazo kanye nemvamisa kuphezulu kakhulu kunaleso seSigaba 7/Ultra Isigaba 7 sezintambo zenethiwekhi.Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamakhebuli enethiwekhi eSigaba 8 se-Cat8 nezintambo zenethiwekhi ze-Super Category 5, kanye nezintambo zenethiwekhi zeSigaba 6/Super Category 6, ezibonakala kakhulu ngokuya ngesivinini, imvamisa, ibanga lokudlulisela, nezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ikhebula lesigaba 1 (CAT1): Umkhawulokudonsa wefrikhwensi ephezulu kakhulu wekhebula ngu-750kHz, osetshenziselwa amasistimu e-alamu, noma ukudlulisa izwi kuphela (amazinga eSigaba 1 asetshenziswa kakhulu kumakhebuli ocingo ngaphambi kweminyaka yawo-1980), ahlukile ekudluliselweni kwedatha.

I-CAT2: I-bandwidth ephezulu kakhulu yekhebula yi-1MHZ, esetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwezwi nokudluliswa kwedatha ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokudlulisela elingu-4Mbps.Ivamise ukusetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi amathokheni amadala asebenzisa iphrothokholi yokudlula Ithokheni engu-4MBPS.

I-CAT3: ibhekisela kukhebuli ecaciswe kumazinga e-ANSI kanye ne-EIA/TIA568 okwamanje.Imvamisa yokudlulisa yale khebula ngu-16MHz, futhi izinga lokudlulisela eliphezulu ngu-10Mbps (10Mbit/s).Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezwini, i-10Mbit/s Ethernet (10BASE-T) kanye ne-4Mbit/s Token Ring.Ubude bengxenye yenethiwekhi enkulu ngu-100m.Kusetshenziswa izixhumi zohlobo lwe-RJ, eziye zaphela emakethe.

Ikhebula lesigaba 1 (CAT1): Umkhawulokudonsa wefrikhwensi ephezulu kakhulu wekhebula ngu-750kHz, osetshenziselwa amasistimu e-alamu, noma ukudlulisa izwi kuphela (amazinga eSigaba 1 asetshenziswa kakhulu kumakhebuli ocingo ngaphambi kweminyaka yawo-1980), ahlukile ekudluliselweni kwedatha.

I-CAT2: I-bandwidth ephezulu kakhulu yekhebula yi-1MHZ, esetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwezwi nokudluliswa kwedatha ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokudlulisela elingu-4Mbps.Ivamise ukusetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi amathokheni amadala asebenzisa iphrothokholi yokudlula Ithokheni engu-4MBPS.

I-CAT3: ibhekisela kukhebuli ecaciswe kumazinga e-ANSI kanye ne-EIA/TIA568 okwamanje.Imvamisa yokudlulisa yale khebula ngu-16MHz, futhi izinga lokudlulisela eliphezulu ngu-10Mbps (10Mbit/s).Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezwini, i-10Mbit/s Ethernet (10BASE-T) kanye ne-4Mbit/s Token Ring.Ubude bengxenye yenethiwekhi enkulu ngu-100m.Kusetshenziswa izixhumi zohlobo lwe-RJ, eziye zaphela emakethe.Ikhebula lesigaba 4 (CAT4): imvamisa yokudlulisela yalolu hlobo lwekhebula ngu-20MHz, esetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwezwi nokudluliswa kwedatha ngezinga eliphezulu lokudlulisela elingu-16Mbps (kubhekiselwa ku-16Mbit/s Token Ring).Isetshenziswa kakhulu kumathokheni asekelwe ku-LAN kanye ne-10BASE-T/100BASE-T.Ubude bengxenye yenethiwekhi enkulu ngu-100m.Izixhumi zohlobo lwe-RJ zisetshenziswa, ezingasetshenziswa kakhulu

I-CAT5: Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lukhuphule ukuminyana okumazombezombe kwe-Linear density futhi lumbozwe ngezinto zokuvikela ezisezingeni eliphezulu.Umkhawulokudonsa wefrikhwensi omkhulu wekhebula ngu-100MHz, futhi izinga lokudlulisela eliphakeme ngu-100Mbps.Isetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwezwi nokudluliswa kwedatha ngezinga eliphezulu lokudlulisela elingu-100Mbps.Isetshenziswa kakhulu ku-100BASE-T, kanti ubude bengxenye yenethiwekhi enkulu ingu-100m.Izixhumi zohlobo lwe-RJ zisetshenziswa.Lena ikhebula ye-Ethernet evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ngaphakathi kwekhebula elisontekile, elinamapheya ahlukene anobude obuhlukile bephimbo.Ngokuvamile, isikhathi sokusonteka samapheya amane wamapheya asontekile singaphakathi kuka-38.1mm, sisontekile ngokuphambene newashi, futhi ubude bokusonteka bepheya eyodwa bungaphakathi kuka-12.7mm.

I-CAT5e: I-CAT5e inokubambezeleka okuphansi, i-crosstalk ephansi, i-attenuation ephakeme ku-crosstalk ratio (ACR), ukulahlekelwa ukubuya kwesakhiwo, nephutha lokulibaziseka elincane, kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza.Izintambo ze-Super Class 5 zisetshenziselwa kakhulu i-gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbps)